The modern-day city of Riyadh emerged in the 17th century near the site of old caravan trading stops, becoming the capital of the modern Saudi state in 1932. Since then, the city has grown into a modern, international metropolis home to more than 7 million people, while still retaining impressive vestiges of its pre-modern past for residents and visitors to explore. Step back in time by visiting the following historical sights and landmarks of the old city of Riyadh!
Historical Sites
Al Masmak Fortress
This 19th-century fortress stands as one of Riyadh’s most significant heritage sites. Its clay and mudbrick architecture tells the story of Saudi Arabia’s past, particularly during Imam Abdullah bin Faisal’s use of the fortress as his center of power. A spear from the 1902 recapture of Riyadh remains embedded in one of the gates, providing visitors with a striking reminder of the history and importance of the site. Visitors can explore numerous historical records and exhibits throughout the fortress’ corridors. Tours and museum signage in Al Masmak Fortress are available in English and Arabic.
Free. Open Sun-Thur 8am-9pm, Fri 4pm-8pm, Sat 9am-8pm. Al Thumairi Street, Ad Dira.
Source: Time Out Riyadh
Turaif
This UNESCO World Heritage site, once serving the capital of Saudi Arabia, lies within historic Diriyah. Home to Bujairi Terrace and Salwa Palace, Turaif showcases traditional Saudi life and Najdi architecture. The area features two-story houses with central courtyards, creating a maze of mud-brick structures and alleyways. From elevated points, visitors can contrast historic Turaif with modern Riyadh’s skyline.
Diriyah, diriyah.sa.
Bujairi Terrace
For culinary enthusiasts, Bujairi Terrace in historic Diriyah offers an exceptional dining destination. This popular venue houses over 20 internationally acclaimed restaurants, including Flamingo Room, Tatel, Maiz, and more culinary destinations. Whether you’re seeking traditional Saudi cuisine, pastries, or coffee, you’ll find it here – all accompanied by spectacular views.
From SAR50. Open Sat-Wed 10am-midnight, Thu 10am-1am, Fri 2pm-2am. Diriyah, bujairi.sa.
Salwa Palace
This historic landmark in Turaif marks a pivotal era in Saudi history, serving as both residence and headquarters for members of the royal family and imams during the first Saudi state. The palace preserves centuries-old architecture and houses a fascinating museum collection.
Open Sat-Thu 10am-midnight, Fri 2pm-midnight. Turaif, Diriyah, diriyah.sa.
Murabba Palace
Located just two kilometers from old Riyadh, this two-story palace exemplifies traditional Najdi architecture. The museum houses recorded speeches of Saudi Arabia’s founder, His Majesty King Abdulaziz Al-Saud, along with his personal effects and diplomatic gifts. A highlight includes the legendary Rolls-Royce vehicles given to H.M. King Abdulaziz by Winston Churchill.
SAR15 (adults) SAR10 (children). Open daily 8am-10pm. Al Murabba, visitsaudi.com.
Source: Time Out Riyadh
Markets/Souqs
Souq Al Zal Traditional Market
Established in 1901, this historic market offers authentic local shopping experiences. Visitors can find handcrafted camel leather slippers, traditional clothing, and antiques including Saudi coffee sets and classic rugs. The name “Al Zal” – translated literally to “carpet market” – references the market’s renowned handwoven carpets, known for their durability and elaborate designs. The souq also hosts daily auctions on every type of good, from antiques to accessories.
Open daily 8am-10pm. Shaikh Muhammad Ibn Ibrahim Street, Diriyah.
Source: Time Out Riyadh
Thumairi Souq
This bustling traditional marketplace attracts numerous visitors with its local craftsmanship stores. Shoppers can find jewelry, rugs, clothing, cookware, and silverware. The souq also features street vendors selling fresh herbs, spices, and coffee, making it an ideal spot for souvenir hunting. The souq is near Thumairi Gate, one of the original nine gates leading into the city.
Open Sat-Thu 9am-noon, 8pm-midnight; Fri 8pm-midnight. Al Thumairi Street.
Museums
National Museum of Saudi Arabia
As the Kingdom’s largest museum, this building and the exhibits within chronicle the complete history of Saudi Arabia and the Arabian Peninsula. The museum features multiple halls, each dedicated to different historical periods. Exhibits range from prehistoric artifacts and meteorites to detailed accounts of the history of Islam and the holy cities of Mecca and Medina. Visitors can explore ancient tools and learn about the Kingdom’s foundation.
Free. Open Mon-Wed 9am-7pm, Thu 9am-10pm, Fri 2pm-10pm, Sat 9am-7pm. Closed Sun. King Saud Road District.
Source: Time Out Riyadh
Saudi Antiquities Museum
Take a step back in time with this free attraction housing artifacts spanning from the time of the Roman Empire through pre-Islamic and early Islamic civilizations. The collection includes 2,000-year-old treasures such as gold rings, bowls, and coins, offering visitors a tangible journey through ancient history.
Free. Open Sat-Thu 8am-2pm. College of Tourism and Archaeology, King Saud University, ksu.edu.sa.
